Relationship between Periodontal Disease (Periodontitis) and Acute Vascular Events a Case-Control Study Enperiva Study

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Periodontal disease (periodontitis) and atheromatous disease share not only risk factors such as smoking and diabetes, but also a complex multifactorial process of chronic inflammation stimulating mediators that accelerate endothelial dysfunction and/or mechanisms of cross- reacting antibodies against the periodontal flora and endothelial cell proteins; this may explain the association between both pathologies. The aim of our study was to add evidence about the relationship between periodontal disease (periodontitis) and vascular disease, using acute vascular events as the primary endpoint. Methods: A case-control study was conducted. A total of 30 cases and 32 controls were included in a non-randomized selection. Results: The presence of periodontal disease was significantly higher in cases than it was in controls (70 % vs. 40 %; OR [95 % CI]: 3.41 [1.19-9.76]; p=0.02). Also, plaque and gingival indexes were significantly higher in cases (PI: 1.74 ± 0.64 vs. 0.99 ± 0.69, respectively, p <0.01; GI: 1.61 ± 0.66 vs. 0.98 ± 0.55, respectively, p <0.01). Conclusion: This study demonstrates a strong association between periodontal disease and acute vascular events, the former having an even greater impact than traditional risk factors.